Babbitt, Journal & Type Metal
Tables of Constituent Materials

SAE Babbitt Specifications

SAE Spec No Sn Tin % Cu Copper % Sb Antimony % Pb Lead % Fe Iron % As Arsenic % Bi Bismuth %
No10 90 min 4 to 5 4 to 5 0.35 max 0.08 max 0.10 max 0.08 max
No11 86 min 5 to 6.5 6 to 7.5 0.35 max 0.08 max 0.10 max 0.08 max
No12 59.5 min 2.25-3.75 9.5-11.5 26.0 max 0.08 max 0.0 0.08 max
No13 4.5 - 5.5 0.5 max 9.25-10.75 86.0 max 0.0 0.2 max 0.0
No14 9.25-10.75 0.5 max 14-16 76.0 max 0.0 0.2 max 0.0
Notes:

a) No Zinc or Aluminium (Aluminum) used in any of these compositions
b) Babbitt No10: This Babbitt is very fluid and may be used for Bronze-backed bearings,
particularly for thin linings such as are used for aircraft engines. It is also used for die-castings.
c) Babbitt No11: A rather hard babbitt which may be used for lining connecting-rod and shaft bearings which are subject to heavy pressures.
Its 'wiping' tendency is very slight. It is also suitable for die-castings.
d) Babbitt No12: A relatively cheap babbitt and is intended for bearings subjected to moderate pressures. It is also suitable for die-castings.
e) Babbitt No's 13 & 14: Cheap babbitt metals which serve successfully where the bearings are large and the service light.
They should not be used as a substitute for a babbitt with high tin content. Both are also suitable for die-castings.

ASTM Babbitt Specifications

ASTM Spec No Sn Tin % Cu Copper % Sb Antimony % Pb Lead % Fe Iron % As Arsenic % Bi Bismuth %
No1 91 4.50 4.50 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0
No2 89 3.50 7.50 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0
No3 84 8.00 8.00 0.00 0.0 0.0 0.0
No7 10.0 0.0 15.0 75.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
No8 5.0 0.0 15.0 80.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
No13 6.0 0.0 10.0 84.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
No15 1.0 0.0 16.0 83.0 0.0 0.10* 0.0
Notes:

* Nominal amount of Arsenic only
Alloy Grade 9 was discontinued in 1946
Alloy Grades 4 to 6, 10 to 12, 16 and 19 were discontinued in 1959

Type Metals Specification *

Metal Type Sn Tin % Cu Copper % Sb Antimony % Pb Lead % Fe Iron % As Arsenic % Bi Bismuth %
Electrotype 3 0.00 3.00 94 0.0 0.0 0.0
Linotype 4 0.00 12.00 84 0.0 0.0 0.0
Stereotype 6 0.00 14.00 80 0.0 0.0 0.0
Monotype 8 0.00 16.00 76 0.0 0.0 0.0
Foundry 14 0.00 24.00 62 0.0 0.0 0.0
Notes:

* Source: Gonser & Epstein, Metals & Alloys, 1937

SAE Bearing Alloy Specifications

SAE Spec No Cu Copper % Sn Tin % Pb Lead % Zn Zinc % Sb Antimony % As/ Fe / P / Na (%)
SAE No 10 2.25 - 3.75 max 90 min 0.35 **** 0.00 4.0 - 5.0 (Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 110 4.25 - 4.75 max 87.75 min 0.35**** 0.00 7.0 - 8.5 (Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 11 5 to 6.5 max 86.0 min 0.35 0.00 6.0 - 7.5 (Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 13 0.50 max 4-5 to 5.5 min 86.0 0.00 9.75 - 10.75 (As) 0.60 max
SAE No 14 0.50 max 9.25 - 10.75 min 76.0 0.00 14 - 16 (As) 0.00 max
SAE No 64 * 78.5 to 81.5 9 to 11 9 -11 0.75 Max 0.00 (P) 0.25
SAE No 660 81 to 85 6.5 to 7.5 6 to 8 2 to 4 0.2 max (Fe) 0.2
SAE No 67 ** 76.5 to 79.5 5 to 7 14.5 to 17.5 4 0.4 max (Fe) 0.4
SAE No 63 *** 86 to 89 9 to 11 1 to 2.5 0.5 max 0.00 (P) 0.25
Notes:

* Phosphor Bronze. Excellent for heavy loads and severe usage.
** Semi-Plastic Bronze. Soft Bronze with good anti-friction qualities.
*** Leaded Gun Metal. A general utility bronze, especially for bushings carrying heavy loads.
**** A maximum of 0.60% Lead is permissible in finished-Steel or Bronze-backed bearings provided
a tin-lead solder has been used in bonding the bearing material to the backing metal.

Rail Car Bearing Alloy Specifications****

Spec Name Cu Copper % Sn Tin % Pb Lead % Zn Zinc % Sb Antimony % Fe / P / Na (%)
High-Lead Bronze 74 5 21 0.00 0.00 0.00
Journal Bronze 82 to 84 12.5 to 14.5 1 2.5 to 4.5 0.00 (Fe) 0.06
Ajax Metal 77 11.5 11.5 0.00 0.00 0.00
Plastic Bronze 65 5 30 0.00 0.00 0.00
Camelia Metal 70 4.5 15 10 0.00 (Fe) 0.50
White Brass 2 64 0.00 34 0.00 0.00
Queen's Metal 3.5 88.5 0.00 1 7 0.00
Karmarsch #1 9.5 70.8 0.00 0.00 19.7 0.00
Karmarsch #2 21.4 71.4 0.00 0.00 7.2 0.00
Hoyle's Metal 0.00 46 42 0.00 12 0.00
Coleco Metal 1 8 77 0.00 14 0.00
Magnolia Metal 0.00 4.75 to 6 78 to 80 0.00 15 to 16 0.00
Tempered Lead 11 0.08 98.5 0.00 0.00 (Na) 1.30
White Metal Car No1 4.5 91 0.35 0.00 4.5 (Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No2 3 75 10 0.00 12 (Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No3 1.5 20 63.5 0.00 15 (Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No4 0.5 Max 5 80 0.00 15 0.00
White Metal Car No5 0.5 Max 0.00 90 0.00 10 0.00
Notes:

**** Railway Journal Bearings according to standard specifications of the Association of American Railroads as follows:-
Brass Backing: Lead 15% to 22%, Tin 5% to 7%, Max impurities including Zinc 3%, excluding Zinc 1%, balance Copper.
Lining: Tin as specified in table, Antimony not less than 8%, Tin & Antimony 10% to 14%, Arsenic max 0.2%,
Copper max 0.5%, SUM of Tin, Antimony, Lead & Arsenic Min 99.25%, remainder MAX 0.75%
Last 5 specifications are ASTM standard grade spec's for Babbitt Metal. The cheaper grades have relatively high percentages of Lead.

SAE Standard Copper-Lead & Cadmium Bearing Alloys

Elements Copper-Lead Types Cadmium Types
No 48 No 480 No 481 No 482 No 18 No 180
Copper % 69 to 74 54.5 min 68 to 75 68 to 75 0.005 max 0.40 to 0.75
Lead % 26 to 31 35 to 45 23 to 27 23 to 27 0.02 max 0.02 max
Tin % 0.05 max 0.001 max 2 to 4 2 to 4 0.01 max 0.01 max
Iron % 0.25 max 0.20 max 0.35 max 0.10 max 0.00 0.00
Zinc % 0.10 max 0.00 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.02 max 0.02 max
Nickel % 0.01 max 0.00 0.01 max 1.00 max 1 to 1.5 0.00
Silver % 1.50 max 0.00 0.20 max 0.00 0.00 0.5 to 1.0
Phosphor % 0.01 max 0.00 0.01 max 0.05 max 0.00 0.00
Cadmium % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 98.5 min 98.25 min
Other % 0.15 max 0.30 max 0.20 max 0.10 max 0.00 0.00
Notes:

• Main • Mechanical Menu •

SAE Babbitt Specifications
SAE Spec No	Sn Tin %	Cu Copper %	Sb Antimony %	Pb Lead %	Fe Iron %	As Arsenic %	Bi Bismuth %
No10	90 min	4 to 5	4 to 5	0.35 max	0.08 max	0.10 max	0.08 max
No11	86 min	5 to 6.5	6 to 7.5	0.35 max	0.08 max	0.10 max	0.08 max
No12	59.5 min	2.25-3.75	9.5-11.5	26.0 max	0.08 max	0.0	0.08 max
No13	4.5 - 5.5	0.5 max	9.25-10.75	86.0 max	0.0	0.2 max	0.0
No14	9.25-10.75	0.5 max	14-16	76.0 max	0.0	0.2 max	0.0
Notes:
a) No Zinc or Aluminium (Aluminum) used in any of these compositions
b) Babbitt No10: This Babbitt is very fluid and may be used for Bronze-backed bearings, particularly for thin linings such as are used for aircraft engines. It is also used for die-castings.
c) Babbitt No11: A rather hard babbitt which may be used for lining connecting-rod and shaft bearings which are subject to heavy pressures. Its 'wiping' tendency is very slight. It is also suitable for die-castings.
d) Babbitt No12: A relatively cheap babbitt and is intended for bearings subjected to moderate pressures. It is also suitable for die-castings.
e) Babbitt No's 13 & 14: Cheap babbitt metals which serve successfully where the bearings are large and the service light. They should not be used as a substitute for a babbitt with high tin content. Both are also suitable for die-castings.

ASTM Babbitt Specifications
ASTM Spec No	Sn Tin %	Cu Copper %	Sb Antimony %	Pb Lead %	Fe Iron %	As Arsenic %	Bi Bismuth %
No1	91	4.50	4.50	0.00	0.0	0.0	0.0
No2	89	3.50	7.50	0.00	0.0	0.0	0.0
No3	84	8.00	8.00	0.00	0.0	0.0	0.0
No7	10.0	0.0	15.0	75.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No8	5.0	0.0	15.0	80.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No13	6.0	0.0	10.0	84.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No15	1.0	0.0	16.0	83.0	0.0	0.10*	0.0
Notes:
* Nominal amount of Arsenic only
Alloy Grade 9 was discontinued in 1946
Alloy Grades 4 to 6, 10 to 12, 16 and 19 were discontinued in 1959

Type Metals Specification *
Metal Type	Sn Tin %	Cu Copper %	Sb Antimony %	Pb Lead %	Fe Iron %	As Arsenic %	Bi Bismuth %
Electrotype	3	0.00	3.00	94	0.0	0.0	0.0
Linotype	4	0.00	12.00	84	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stereotype	6	0.00	14.00	80	0.0	0.0	0.0
Monotype	8	0.00	16.00	76	0.0	0.0	0.0
Foundry	14	0.00	24.00	62	0.0	0.0	0.0
Notes:
* Source: Gonser & Epstein, Metals & Alloys, 1937

SAE Bearing Alloy Specifications
SAE Spec No	Cu Copper %	Sn Tin %	Pb Lead %	Zn Zinc %	Sb Antimony %	As/ Fe / P / Na (%)
SAE No 10	2.25 - 3.75 max	90 min	0.35 ****	0.00	4.0 - 5.0	(Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 110	4.25 - 4.75 max	87.75 min	0.35****	0.00	7.0 - 8.5	(Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 11	5 to 6.5 max	86.0 min	0.35	0.00	6.0 - 7.5	(Fe)0.08max (As)0.10max
SAE No 13	0.50 max	4-5 to 5.5 min	86.0	0.00	9.75 - 10.75	(As) 0.60 max
SAE No 14	0.50 max	9.25 - 10.75 min	76.0	0.00	14 - 16	(As) 0.00 max
SAE No 64 *	78.5 to 81.5	9 to 11	9 -11	0.75 Max	0.00	(P) 0.25
SAE No 660	81 to 85	6.5 to 7.5	6 to 8	2 to 4	0.2 max	(Fe) 0.2
SAE No 67 **	76.5 to 79.5	5 to 7	14.5 to 17.5	4	0.4 max	(Fe) 0.4
SAE No 63 ***	86 to 89	9 to 11	1 to 2.5	0.5 max	0.00	(P) 0.25
Notes:
* Phosphor Bronze. Excellent for heavy loads and severe usage.
** Semi-Plastic Bronze. Soft Bronze with good anti-friction qualities.
*** Leaded Gun Metal. A general utility bronze, especially for bushings carrying heavy loads.
**** A maximum of 0.60% Lead is permissible in finished-Steel or Bronze-backed bearings provided a tin-lead solder has been used in bonding the bearing material to the backing metal.

Rail Car Bearing Alloy Specifications****
Spec Name	Cu Copper %	Sn Tin %	Pb Lead %	Zn Zinc %	Sb Antimony %	Fe / P / Na (%)
High-Lead Bronze	74	5	21	0.00	0.00	0.00
Journal Bronze	82 to 84	12.5 to 14.5	1	2.5 to 4.5	0.00	(Fe) 0.06
Ajax Metal	77	11.5	11.5	0.00	0.00	0.00
Plastic Bronze	65	5	30	0.00	0.00	0.00
Camelia Metal	70	4.5	15	10	0.00	(Fe) 0.50
White Brass	2	64	0.00	34	0.00	0.00
Queen's Metal	3.5	88.5	0.00	1	7	0.00
Karmarsch #1	9.5	70.8	0.00	0.00	19.7	0.00
Karmarsch #2	21.4	71.4	0.00	0.00	7.2	0.00
Hoyle's Metal	0.00	46	42	0.00	12	0.00
Coleco Metal	1	8	77	0.00	14	0.00
Magnolia Metal	0.00	4.75 to 6	78 to 80	0.00	15 to 16	0.00
Tempered Lead	11	0.08	98.5	0.00	0.00	(Na) 1.30
White Metal Car No1	4.5	91	0.35	0.00	4.5	(Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No2	3	75	10	0.00	12	(Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No3	1.5	20	63.5	0.00	15	(Fe) 0.08
White Metal Car No4	0.5 Max	5	80	0.00	15	0.00
White Metal Car No5	0.5 Max	0.00	90	0.00	10	0.00
Notes:
**** Railway Journal Bearings according to standard specifications of the Association of American Railroads as follows:-
Brass Backing: Lead 15% to 22%, Tin 5% to 7%, Max impurities including Zinc 3%, excluding Zinc 1%, balance Copper.
Lining: Tin as specified in table, Antimony not less than 8%, Tin & Antimony 10% to 14%, Arsenic max 0.2%,
Copper max 0.5%, SUM of Tin, Antimony, Lead & Arsenic Min 99.25%, remainder MAX 0.75%
Last 5 specifications are ASTM standard grade spec's for Babbitt Metal. The cheaper grades have relatively high percentages of Lead.

SAE Standard Copper-Lead & Cadmium Bearing Alloys
Elements	Copper-Lead Types				Cadmium Types
Elements	No 48	No 480	No 481	No 482	No 18	No 180
Copper %	69 to 74	54.5 min	68 to 75	68 to 75	0.005 max	0.40 to 0.75
Lead %	26 to 31	35 to 45	23 to 27	23 to 27	0.02 max	0.02 max
Tin %	0.05 max	0.001 max	2 to 4	2 to 4	0.01 max	0.01 max
Iron %	0.25 max	0.20 max	0.35 max	0.10 max	0.00	0.00
Zinc %	0.10 max	0.00	0.10 max	0.10 max	0.02 max	0.02 max
Nickel %	0.01 max	0.00	0.01 max	1.00 max	1 to 1.5	0.00
Silver %	1.50 max	0.00	0.20 max	0.00	0.00	0.5 to 1.0
Phosphor %	0.01 max	0.00	0.01 max	0.05 max	0.00	0.00
Cadmium %	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	98.5 min	98.25 min
Other %	0.15 max	0.30 max	0.20 max	0.10 max	0.00	0.00
Notes: